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?鈦化工軸流泵的主要部件有葉輪、泵軸、導葉、吸入管等,現分述如下。

人氣(qi):295 發表時間:2023-05-24

(1)葉輪

     葉(xie)(xie)輪(lun)(lun)的作用(yong)與離心泵一樣(yang),將原動(dong)(dong)機的機械能(neng)(neng)轉變(bian)為(wei)流(liu)(liu)體的壓力能(neng)(neng)和(he)動(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)。它(ta)由葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)、輪(lun)(lun)轂(gu)和(he)動(dong)(dong)葉(xie)(xie)調(diao)(diao)(diao)節機構等(deng)組成。葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)多為(wei)機翼型,一般(ban)(ban)為(wei)4~6片(pian)(pian)(pian)。輪(lun)(lun)轂(gu)用(yong)來安裝葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)和(he)葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)調(diao)(diao)(diao)節機構,有圓錐形、圓柱(zhu)形和(he)球(qiu)形3種(zhong)。小型軸(zhou)流(liu)(liu)泵(葉(xie)(xie)輪(lun)(lun)直徑(jing)(jing)在(zai)(zai)300mm以(yi)下)的葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)和(he)輪(lun)(lun)轂(gu)鑄成一體,葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)的角度(du)(du)不是固定(ding)的,也稱固定(ding)葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)式軸(zhou)流(liu)(liu)泵;中(zhong)型軸(zhou)流(liu)(liu)泵(葉(xie)(xie)輪(lun)(lun)直徑(jing)(jing)在(zai)(zai)300mm以(yi)上(shang))一般(ban)(ban)采用(yong)半調(diao)(diao)(diao)節式葉(xie)(xie)輪(lun)(lun)結(jie)構,即葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)靠(kao)螺母和(he)定(ding)位銷(xiao)釘(ding)固定(ding)在(zai)(zai)輪(lun)(lun)轂(gu)上(shang),葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)角度(du)(du)不能(neng)(neng)任意改變(bian),只能(neng)(neng)按(an)各(ge)銷(xiao)釘(ding)孔(kong)對應(ying)的葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)角度(du)(du)來改變(bian),故稱半調(diao)(diao)(diao)節式軸(zhou)流(liu)(liu)泵;大型軸(zhou)流(liu)(liu)泵(葉(xie)(xie)輪(lun)(lun)直徑(jing)(jing)在(zai)(zai)1600mm以(yi)上(shang)),一般(ban)(ban)采用(yong)球(qiu)形輪(lun)(lun)轂(gu),把動(dong)(dong)葉(xie)(xie)調(diao)(diao)(diao)節機構裝于輪(lun)(lun)轂(gu)內,靠(kao)液壓傳動(dong)(dong)系統(tong)來調(diao)(diao)(diao)節葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)角度(du)(du),故稱動(dong)(dong)葉(xie)(xie)可調(diao)(diao)(diao)節式軸(zhou)流(liu)(liu)泵。

(2)泵軸

     對于大容量和葉片可調節(jie)的(de)軸流泵,其軸均用優質碳(tan)素鋼做成(cheng)空(kong)心(xin),表面鍍鉻,既(ji)可減輕(qing)軸的(de)質量,又(you)便于安(an)裝調節(jie)機構。

(3)導葉

     軸流泵的導葉(xie)一(yi)般(ban)裝在葉(xie)輪出口側。導葉(xie)的作用是(shi)將流出葉(xie)輪的水流旋轉(zhuan)運動(dong)轉(zhuan)變(bian)為軸向運動(dong),同時將部分動(dong)能(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)變(bian)為壓能(neng)(neng)。

(4)吸入管

     吸(xi)入(ru)(ru)管與離心泵(beng)吸(xi)入(ru)(ru)室的作(zuo)用相同。中小型(xing)軸(zhou)流(liu)泵(beng)多用喇叭形(xing)吸(xi)入(ru)(ru)管,大型(xing)軸(zhou)流(liu)泵(beng)多采用肘形(xing)吸(xi)入(ru)(ru)流(liu)道。

     鈦化工軸流泵是(shi)以空氣動力(li)學中機翼(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)升力(li)理論為基礎。當流體繞(rao)過翼(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)型(xing)(xing)時,在翼(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)首(shou)端點(dian)處分離成為兩股流,它(ta)們分別(bie)經過翼(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)上表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)和下(xia)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian),然后同(tong)時在翼(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)尾端匯合。由于(yu)沿(yan)翼(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)型(xing)(xing)下(xia)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)路(lu)程比(bi)上表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)路(lu)程長(chang)一些,流體沿(yan)翼(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)型(xing)(xing)下(xia)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)流速要比(bi)沿(yan)翼(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)型(xing)(xing)上表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)流速大。相應地,翼(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)型(xing)(xing)下(xia)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)壓(ya)力(li)將小(xiao)于(yu)上表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian),流體對翼(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)型(xing)(xing)有一個向(xiang)下(xia)的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用力(li)。同(tong)樣(yang),翼(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)型(xing)(xing)對于(yu)流體也(ye)將產生一個反(fan)作(zuo)(zuo)用力(li),與此作(zuo)(zuo)用力(li)大小(xiao)相等、方(fang)向(xiang)相反(fan),作(zuo)(zuo)用在流體上。在此力(li)作(zuo)(zuo)用下(xia),水就(jiu)被壓(ya)升到(dao)一定(ding)的(de)(de)高度上去。